Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy

M31

The galaxy M31 (NGC 0224), also known as the "Andromeda Galaxy", belongs to the Hubble class SA(s)b. Its disk is inclined by 74° - 78° with respect to the sky plane. This galaxy has a distance median value of 0.776 Mpc and hence is the nearest spiral galaxy on sky. The strongly polarized radio "ring" is a signature of a dynamo-generated magnetic field.

87.3 cm

M31 Total Intensity at 87.3 cm (343.4 MHz), WSRT, Resolution 230''×290'', Gießübel et al. 2013 — M31 Total Intensity at 87.3 cm (343.4 MHz), WSRT, Resolution 230''×290'', Gießübel et al. 2013

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 Total Intensity at 87.3 cm (343.4 MHz), WSRT, Resolution 230''×290'', Gießübel et al. 2013

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 Total Intensity at 87.3 cm (343.4 MHz), WSRT, Resolution 230''×290'', Gießübel et al. 2013 — M31 Total Intensity at 87.3 cm (343.4 MHz), WSRT, Resolution 230''×290'', Gießübel et al. 2013

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 Total Intensity at 87.3 cm (343.4 MHz), WSRT, Resolution 230''×290'', Gießübel et al. 2013

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 87.3 cm 230" I

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FITS-Download 16.12 MB

Gießübel et al. 2013

20.5 cm

Total Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998 — Total Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998 — Total Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998 — Polarized Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998 — Polarized Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 20.5 cm (1.46 GHz), VLA D-array, Resolution 45'', Beck et al. 1998

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 20.5 cm 45" I

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FITS-Download 528.75 kB

M31 20.5 cm 45" PI

JPG-Download 237.75 kB

FITS-Download 500.63 kB

Beck et al. 1998

see also Berkhuijsen et al. 2003

see also Fletcher et al. 2004

11.1 cm

Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982 — Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982 — Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 11.1 cm 5' I

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FITS-Download 497.81 kB

Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted. — Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted. — Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck et al. 1982. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck 1982. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted. — Polarized Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck 1982. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck 1982. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck 1982. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted. — Polarized Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck 1982. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 11.1 cm (2.70 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 5', Beck 1982. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 SS 11.1 cm 5' I

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FITS-Download 497.81 kB

M31 SS 11.1 cm 5' PI

JPG-Download 207.27 kB

FITS-Download 497.81 kB

Beck et al. 1982

See also Beck 1982

6.2 cm

Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003 — Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003 — Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003 — Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003 — Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 6.2 cm 3' I

JPG-Download 233.94 kB

FITS-Download 677.81 kB

M31 6.2 cm 3' PI

JPG-Download 193.84 kB

FITS-Download 691.88 kB

Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted. — Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted. — Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. Many bright background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted. — Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted. — Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Effelsberg, Resolution 3', Berkhuijsen et al. 2003. A few polarized background sources that are not related to M31 have been subtracted.

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 SS 6.2 cm 3' I

JPG-Download 223.97 kB

FITS-Download 497.81 kB

M31 SS 6.2 cm 3' PI

JPG-Download 207.65 kB

FITS-Download 497.81 kB

Berkhuijsen et al. 2003

see also Fletcher et al. 2004

Total Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014 — Total Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014 — Total Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014 — Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014 — Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 6.2 cm (4.85 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 6.2 cm 15" I

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FITS-Download 1.15 MB

M31 6.2 cm 15" PI

JPG-Download 292.0 kB

FITS-Download 1.29 MB

Gießübel & Beck 2014

3.6 cm

Total Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014 — Total Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014 — Total Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Total Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014 — Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014 — Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

Polarized Intensity (Central Region) at 3.6 cm (8.35 GHz), Combination of VLA and Effelsberg, Resolution 15'', Gießübel & Beck 2014

© MPIfR, Bonn

M31 3.6 cm 15" I

JPG-Download 227.85 kB

FITS-Download 1.09 MB

M31 3.6 cm 15" PI

JPG-Download 261.3 kB

FITS-Download 1.16 MB

Gießübel & Beck 2014